Bulletin of
Vitebsk State
Technological
University

Abstract

The quality of fabrics with a porous polyurethane coating is manifested through consumer properties, and therefore it is of practical interest to study the influence of various operating conditions (external factors) on these properties. The authors have developed and implemented a technology and also released pilot batches of fabrics with a porous polyurethane coating intended for the manufacture of second- and third-layer clothing. However, there is no information on the resistance of such materials to external influences, which justifies the relevance of the studies conducted in this work. The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of the most significant external factors (abrasion, the effect of low and high temperatures) on the quality indicators of fabrics with a porous polyurethane coating for clothing purposes. Conducting these studies is essential for ensuring the reliable operation of products. The results obtained will allow the confection of materials for clothing, taking into account the operating conditions of the product.

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of abrasion on the integrity of the polymer coating, examines the adhesion of the polymer layer of the material under the influence of elevated temperatures, and investigates the effect of low and high temperatures on the quality indicators of fabrics with a porous polyurethane coating for clothing purposes. The results of the studies showed that the material under study is not subject to sticking under the influence of elevated temperatures; the samples can withstand up to 500 abrasion cycles (depending on the thickness of the foamed polyurethane layer). The effect of low (-20 °C) and high temperatures (+35 °C, +70 °C) on the following parameters was studied: breaking load and breaking elongation, vapor and air permeability, and abrasion resistance of the polymer coating. The temperatures were selected taking into account environmental conditions, as well as the scientific works of the authors engaged in research in similar areas. The temperature of +70 °C was selected taking into account possible heating under operating conditions, for example, in a car interior in the summer or heating during wet-heat treatment. Low (-20 °C) and high (+35 °C) temperatures do not significantly affect the abrasion resistance of the face layer. After keeping the samples at a temperature of +70 °C, the number of cycles that the sample can withstand before the polymer coating begins to deteriorate decreases. Manufactured in Belarus fabrics with a porous polyurethane coating can withstand temperatures from -20 °C to +70 °C, while maintaining the indicators of vapor and air permeability, breaking load and breaking elongation within the recommended values. The studied materials, produced using modern technology, imitate natural leather, are not inferior in quality to foreign analogues and can become an affordable alternative to natural leather in the manufacture of light industry products.

Influence of external factors on the quality indicators of fabrics with porous polyurethane coating