Bulletin of
Vitebsk State
Technological
University

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze global demographic trends and their social and economic consequences for modern society, find the sources of problems and determine ways to solve them. It has been discovered that population growth is a consequence of a process called "demographic transition", which is characterized by a decrease in mortality and birth rates. At the end of the demographic transition, the population is declining and ageing. The consequences of ageing are the underfunding of health care systems and pensions, budget instability, falling GDP. On the one hand, ageing is also a challenge for society and its socio-economic system, on the other hand, it is part of the process of demographic development. The study and analysis of foreign experience of countries with similar problems have shown that it is possible to adapt to new demographic trends using an integrated approach to the formation of social policy and the best world experience. This experience shows that raising the retirement age is not the only measure to mitigate the effects of population ageing. Changing the way of thinking, reevaluating society's attitude towards people of the third age, creating incentives for employers and employees for a longer working life, providing continuing education: these measures will allow social policy to adapt to modern demographic challenges and unleash the possibilities of an ageing society.

Population Ageing: the Problem and Solutions